Funda ukuba unyango lobushushu lunokusetyenziswa njani kwiialloyi zetsimbi ezininzi ukuphucula kakhulu iipropathi eziphambili zomzimba ezinjengobulukhuni, amandla kunye nobuchule.
Intshayelelo
Ukunyangwa kobushushu kunokusetyenziswa kwiialloyi ezininzi zetsimbi ukuphucula kakhulu iipropati eziphambili zomzimba (umzekelo ukuqina, amandla okanye ubugcisa).Olu tshintsho lwenzeka ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-microstructure kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali zezinto.
Ezo zonyango zibandakanya ukufudumeza kwe-alloys zetsimbi (ngokuqhelekileyo) amaqondo okushisa aphezulu, alandelwa yinyathelo lokupholisa phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo.Ubushushu bezinto eziphathekayo bufudunyezwa, ixesha eligcinwe kulo bushushu kunye nezinga lokupholisa zonke zichaphazela kakhulu iimpawu zokugqibela zomzimba we-alloy yensimbi.
Kweli nqaku, sihlolisise unyango olushushu olufanelekileyo kwi-alloys yentsimbi esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-CNC machining.Ngokuchaza umphumo wezi nkqubo kwiipropati zecandelo lokugqibela, eli nqaku liza kukunceda ukhethe izinto ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo zakho.
Lusetyenziswa nini unyango lobushushu
Ukunyanga ukushisa kunokusetyenziswa kwiingxube zetsimbi kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa.Kwiindawo zoomatshini be-CNC, unyango lobushushu ludla ngokusetyenziswa nokuba:
Phambi komatshini we-CNC: Xa ibakala elisemgangathweni le-alloy yensimbi iceliwe ukuba ifumaneke ngokulula, umboneleli wenkonzo ye-CNC uya kumatshini amacandelo ngokuthe ngqo kweso sitokhwe.Oku kudla ngokuba lolona khetho lungcono lokunciphisa amaxesha okukhokela.
Emva komatshini we-CNC: Olunye unyango lobushushu lunyusa kakhulu ubulukhuni bezinto okanye lusetyenziswa njengenyathelo lokugqiba emva kokwenza.Kwezi meko, unyango lobushushu lusetyenziswa emva komatshini we-CNC, njengoko ubunzima obuphezulu bunciphisa ukucwangciswa kwezinto.Umzekelo, oku kuqhelekile xa CNC machining izixhobo zentsimbi.
Unyango oluqhelekileyo lobushushu kwizinto ze-CNC
Ukunciphisa, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa
I-Annealing, i- tempering kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo konke kubandakanya ukufudumeza kwe-alloy yensimbi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye nokupholisa okulandelayo kwezinto ngesantya esincinci, ngokuqhelekileyo emoyeni okanye kwi-oven.Ziyahluke kwiqondo lokushisa ukuba izinto zifudunyezwe kwaye zilandelelanise inkqubo yokuvelisa.
Kwi-annealing, intsimbi ifudunyezwa kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu kwaye emva koko ipholiswe kancinci ukufezekisa i-microstructure efunekayo.I-Anealing idla ngokusetyenziswa kuzo zonke iialloys zetsimbi emva kokuqulunqa kwaye ngaphambi kwayo nayiphi na iprosesa eyongezelelweyo ukuzithambisa kunye nokuphucula ukucwangciswa kwazo.Ukuba olunye unyango lobushushu aluchazwanga, iindawo ezininzi ze-CNC zomatshini ziya kuba neepropati eziphathekayo zombuso odibeneyo.
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kubandakanya ukufudumeza kwenxalenye kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu (kodwa ngaphantsi kune-annealing) kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo iqeshwe emva komatshini we-CNC, ukuphelisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo oludalwe kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.Ngale ndlela iinxalenye ezineempawu ezihambelanayo zoomatshini ziye ziveliswe.
I-Tempering iphinda ifudumale inxalenye kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi kwe-annealing, kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa emva kokucima (jonga icandelo elilandelayo) leentsimbi ezithambileyo (i-1045 kunye ne-A36) kunye neentsimbi ze-alloy (4140 kunye ne-4240) ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwazo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo koomatshini.
Ukucima
Ukucima kubandakanya ukufudumeza kwesinyithi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu, elilandelwa linyathelo lokupholisa ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokufaka izinto eziphathekayo kwioli okanye emanzini okanye ukuveza umlambo womoya opholileyo.Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza "ukutshixa" utshintsho kwi-microstructure eyenziwa yimpahla xa ishushu, okubangela ukuba iindawo ezinobunzima obukhulu kakhulu.
Amacandelo ahlala acinywa njengenyathelo lokugqibela kwinkqubo yokuvelisa emva kwe-CNC machining (cinga ngabakhandi bentsimbi bafaka iiblade zabo kwioli), njengoko ukwanda kobunzima kwenza ukuba izinto zibe nzima ngakumbi kumatshini.
Iintsimbi zesixhobo zicinywa emva komatshini we-CNC ukuphumeza iipropati zabo zobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu.Inkqubo yokufudumala inokusetyenziswa ukulawula ubulukhuni obubangelwayo.Ngokomzekelo, i-Tool steel A2 inobulukhuni be-63-65 Rockwell C emva kokucima kodwa inokuthunjwa kubunzima obuphakathi kwe-42 ukuya kwi-62 HRC.Ukufudumala kwandisa ubomi benkonzo yecandelo, njengoko kunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa (iziphumo ezilungileyo zifezekiswa ngobunzima be-56-58 HRC).
Ukuqina kwemvula (ukuguga)
Ukuqina kwemvula okanye ukuguga ngamagama amabini adla ngokusetyenziswa ukuchaza inkqubo efanayo.Ukuqina kwemvula yinkqubo yamanyathelo amathathu: izinto zokuqala zifudumeza ukushisa okuphezulu, emva koko zicinywe kwaye ekugqibeleni zifudumeze kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi ixesha elide (ubudala).Oku kubangela ukuba izinto ze-alloy eziqala ukubonakala njengamaqhekeza ahlukeneyo okubunjwa okungafaniyo ukuchithwa kunye nokusabalalisa ngokufanayo kwi-matrix yesinyithi, ngendlela efanayo ukuba i-crystal crystal inyibilika emanzini xa isisombululo sishushu.
Emva kokuqina kwemvula, amandla kunye nobunzima beentsimbi zetsimbi banda kakhulu.Umzekelo, i-7075 yi-alloy ye-aluminium, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwishishini le-aerospace, ukuvelisa iinxalenye zamandla okuqina okuthelekiswa nentsimbi engenasici, ngelixa ingaphantsi kwe-3 ubunzima.
Ukuqina kweCase & carburizing
I-Case hardening yintsapho yonyango lobushushu olubangela ukuba iindawo ezinobunzima obuphezulu kumphezulu wazo, ngelixa izinto eziphantsi kwe-underline zihlala zithambile.Oku kudla ngokukhethwa ngaphezu kokunyusa ukuqina kwenxalenye kuyo yonke umthamo wayo (umzekelo, ngokucima), njengoko iindawo ezinzima nazo ziba brittle.
I-Carburizing yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yonyango lobushushu.Kubandakanya ukufudumeza kweentsimbi ezithambileyo kwindawo enekhabhoni etyebileyo kunye nokucinywa kwenxalenye elandelayo ukutshixa ikhabhoni kwimatrix yesinyithi.Oku kwandisa ukuqina komphezulu weentsimbi ngendlela efanayo yokuba i-anodizing inyuse ubulukhuni bomphezulu we-alloys ze-aluminium.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-14-2022